Which type of reinforcement schedule produces a high and steady rate of response?

The type of reinforcement schedule that produces a high and steady rate of response is variable ratio reinforcement. This schedule involves providing reinforcement after an unpredictable number of responses, which leads to a strong motivation for individuals to continue performing the behavior. The unpredictability creates a sense of anticipation and excitement, as individuals are unsure of when they will receive the reinforcement, encouraging them to respond more frequently and consistently.

In contrast, continuous reinforcement involves providing reinforcement every time a desired behavior is exhibited, which can lead to quick learning but may also result in rapid extinguishment of the behavior when the reinforcement stops. Fixed interval reinforcement, which provides reinforcement after a set period has passed, can lead to a "scalloped" pattern of response where individuals increase their behavior as the reinforcement period approaches but may not respond as actively during the interval. Fixed ratio reinforcement, while also producing a high rate of response, tends to show a pause after reinforcement before the next responses occur, which can lead to a more uneven pattern compared to the steady responding seen in variable ratio reinforcement.