Which term describes the belief that behavior is primarily controlled by genetic factors?

The term that describes the belief that behavior is primarily controlled by genetic factors is determinism. This concept suggests that all behaviors, actions, and thoughts are predetermined by biological factors, such as genetics, and therefore not subject to individual choice. In this view, genetics play a crucial role in shaping behavior, implying that individuals have limited agency over their actions as they are largely influenced by their hereditary characteristics.

Determinism contrasts with other approaches that consider the potential for change and agency in behavior. Holism, for example, emphasizes the importance of viewing behavior as a whole, considering multiple factors including social, cultural, and environmental influences, rather than focusing solely on genetic predispositions. Reductionism, on the other hand, seeks to break down complex behaviors into simpler components, which may include biological factors but also encompasses psychological and social dimensions. Interactionism combines elements of both biology and environment, suggesting that behavior is a product of the interaction between genetic predispositions and environmental factors.